Never force the catheter, and do not attempt to insert it into an airway you cannot see. During and after suctioning, monitor the patient for common complications such as bradycardia and hypoxia. Take their vital signs before and after the procedure and be mindful of any complaints the patient reports.
Light-headedness, difficulty breathing, a racing heart, raspy breathing sounds, and similar symptoms may signal suction-related complications. Without the right equipment, even a flawless suctioning technique may prove inadequate.
The right catheter size is key. In most cases, the suction catheter should have an external diameter that is less than half the internal diameter of the endotracheal tube. Geriatric and pediatric populations often require smaller suction catheters. Children have smaller airways, and elders may have more difficult airways due to loss of muscle tone. You must also choose the right catheter for the job. For patients who are continuously vomiting or bleeding during resuscitation, the DuCanto catheter enables rapid airway decontamination via the SALAD technique.
A portable emergency suction machine offers more than just emergency care. It enables nurses to care for patients wherever and whenever they need treatment, including while being transported to surgical wings. For help choosing the right suction machine for your patients, download our free guide, The Ultimate Guide to Purchasing a Portable Emergency Suction Device. Do not reuse the catheter if it touches anything else.
One suction catheter should be used for as long as your medical supply company tells you, unless you have an infection. If you have an infection, the suction catheter needs to be changed more often. The suction machine needs to be kept clean. Empty and clean the bottle and tubing with hot, soapy water each day. Always rinse with clean tap water and let it air dry.
Use of Health Topics. Where possible, this procedure requires two clinicians. Explain to parents what is about to occur. Determine suction catheter size. Check the suction pressure see equipment.
Pre-silence alarms. Both clinicians perform hand hygiene and dons PPE gloves on both hands, mask and eyewear. Protecting key parts, the primary clinician attaches appropriate sized suction catheter to suction tubing. Ensuring that the suction catheter does not touch anything that could contaminate it e.
Observe pre-suction physiological parameters. Primary clinician passes suction catheter to predetermined length, ensuring catheter is only passed the length of the ETT. Applying negative pressure, primary clinician gently rotates suction catheter as it is being withdrawn from the ETT Negative pressure should only be applied when the suction catheter is being withdrawn from the ETT.
Assistant reconnects ventilator tubing to ETT, when ETT suction complete, and continues to provide containment and comfort to the infant. Allow the infant to rest prior to oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal suction. A size 8 or 10 FG tube may be used to suction the oropharynx. Use a small amount of sterile water if needed to clear secretions from suction tubing. Turn off vacuum pressure. Dispose of contaminated catheter, remove gloves and perform hand hygiene.
Ensure infant is left in a contained and comfortable position. Document effectiveness of and tolerance to suctioning within the flowsheet in the EMR If the infant requires ETT suction, and it is safe to perform a suction with one clinician, the procedure is as above, however the primary clinician will need to detach the ETT from the ventilator and steady the tube using the same hand.
This procedure is safe to complete with one clinician. Determine suction catheter size Check suction pressure see equipment Clinician performs hand hygiene and dons gloves.
Remove blue cap from end of suction system and connect to wall suction tubing. Unlock device by lifting white suction control valve and rotating it degrees. If using a saline lavage, instil NaCl 0. Follow with instillation of 0. The numbers on the suction catheter should line up with the appropriate number on the ETT refer to the below table Apply suction by depressing suction control valve and withdraw catheter to fully extended length. Repeat as necessary.
On completion, to clear secretions from the catheter, depress suction control valve before slowly instilling NaCl via lavage port. Oral suctioning is useful to clear secretions from the mouth in the event a patient is unable to remove secretions or foreign matter by effective coughing. Patients who benefit the most include those with CVAs, drooling, impaired cough reflex related to age or condition, or impaired swallowing Perry et al. The procedure for oral suctioning can be found in Checklist Signs and symptoms include obvious excessive secretions; weak, ineffective cough; drooling; gastric secretions or vomit in the mouth; or gurgling sounds with inspiration and expiration.
Pooling of secretions may lead to obstruction of airway. Suctioning is required with alterations in oxygen levels and with increased secretions.
Explain to patient how the procedure will help clear out secretions and will only last a few seconds. If appropriate, encourage patient to cough. This allows patient time to ask questions and increase compliance with the procedure.
Minimizes fear and anxiety. Encourage the patient to cough to bring secretions from the lower airways to the upper airways. This facilitates ease of suctioning.
Unconscious patients should be in the lateral position. Perform hand hygiene , gather supplies, and apply non-sterile gloves. Apply mask if a body fluid splash is likely to occur.
Wash hands Apply non-sterile gloves This prevents the transmission of microorganisms. Supplies include a suction machine or suction connection, connection tubing, non-sterile gloves, yankauer, water and a sterile basin, mask, and clean towel.
Suctioning may cause splashing of body fluids. Fill basin with water. Water is used to clear connection tubing in between suctions.
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